In a landmark decision, the Union Cabinet, under the leadership of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, has approved India’s accession to the Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) Agreement, marking a pivotal moment in global environmental governance. The agreement, crafted under the auspices of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), seeks to safeguard and sustainably manage marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction, commonly known as the ‘High Seas’.
The BBNJ Agreement addresses critical challenges posed by the exploitation and conservation of marine resources in international waters, which play a crucial role in global ecological balance. By fostering international cooperation and governance frameworks, the agreement aims to ensure the fair and equitable utilization of marine biological diversity while preserving ecosystem integrity.
Dr Jitendra Singh, Minister of State (Independent Charge) for the Ministry of Earth Sciences and Ministry of Science and Technology, reiterated India’s commitment to environmental conservation and sustainable development. He emphasized that India will proceed to sign and ratify the BBNJ Agreement through legislative processes, underscoring the nation’s adherence to scientific progress, international collaboration, and transparent governance.
The agreement’s principles are rooted in an ecosystem-based approach and the precautionary principle, advocating for sustainable practices that minimize environmental impacts and promote biodiversity conservation. It also encourages the use of traditional knowledge and scientific advancements to inform decision-making in marine resource management.
India’s participation in the BBNJ Agreement is poised to yield numerous benefits, including enhanced opportunities for scientific research, technology transfer, and capacity building in marine sciences. Dr M Ravichandran, Secretary of the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), highlighted that India’s strategic engagement will facilitate broader access to marine resources and contribute to global efforts in preserving ocean health and resilience.
Once operational, the BBNJ Agreement will complement existing UNCLOS implementation agreements, including those governing mineral resource extraction and fisheries management. UNCLOS, adopted in 1982 and ratified by a majority of nations, provides a comprehensive legal framework for maritime activities, ensuring equitable access to marine resources and mechanisms for resolving disputes.
India’s decision to endorse the BBNJ Agreement reaffirms its role as a responsible global actor committed to sustainable marine governance and environmental protection. By championing international cooperation and adopting progressive measures, India sets a precedent for other nations to prioritize marine conservation and uphold the principles of environmental sustainability on a global scale.
